All is lost then? Not really, you can create your own file and save it with a known encoding. Usually the person creating the file doesn't know either.
The closest to come to determining a file's encoding is an educated guess or ask the person who created the file. Programs cannot tell you for certain because there is no setting in the file that contains this information. Microsoft Office, LibreOffice, Kingsoft Office, Google Docs.Often it is almost impossible to know if your CSV file has been encoded as UTF-8.
LibreOffice, Microsoft Office, KOffice, Google Docs, Since then Microsoft made the Excel binary format specification available to freely download. has created documentation of the Excel format. OpenDocument files can also take the format of a ZIP compressed archive containing a number of files and directories these can contain binary content and benefit from ZIP's lossless compression to reduce file size. The original OpenDocument format consists of an XML document that has as its root element. Excel 2007 uses Office Open XML as its primary file format, an XML-based format that followed after a previous XML-based format called "XML Spreadsheet". Microsoft Excel up until 2007 version used a proprietary binary file format called Excel Binary File Format (.XLS) as its primary format. It was developed with the aim of providing an open, XML-based file format specification for office applications. The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, is an XML-based file format for spreadsheets, charts, presentations and word processing documents. Application/vnd.-oasis.-opendocument.-spreadsheet
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